Area, 56,400 sq mi (146,076 sq km).
Pop. (2000) 12,419,293, an 8.6% increase since the 1990 census.
Capital, Springfield.
Largest city, Chicago.
Nicknames, Inland Empire; Prairie State.
Motto, State Sovereignty National Union.
State bird, cardinal.
State flower, native violet.
State tree, white oak.
Rich land, adequate rainfall (32-36 in./81-91 cm annually), and a long growing season make Illinois an important agricultural state. It consistently ranks among the top states in the production of corn and soybeans. Hogs and cattle are also principal sources of farm income. Other major crops include hay, wheat, and sorghum. Beneath the fertile topsoil lies mineral wealth, including fluorspar, bituminous coal, and oil; Illinois ranks high among the states in the production of coal, and its reserves are greater than any other state east of the Rocky Mts.
Its agricultural and mineral resources, along with its excellent lines of communication and transportation, made Illinois industrial; by 1880 income from industry was almost double that from agriculture. Leading Illinois manufactures include electrical and nonelectrical machinery, food products, fabricated and primary metal products, and chemicals; printed and published materials are also important. 
Metropolitan Chicago is a major commercial, educational, financial, industrial, medical, scientific, tourism and transportion center. We are host to many conferences and conventions and we're even hoping to host the 2016 Olympics! Key suburbs of Chicago such as Schaumburg, Naperville and Oak Brook have also become important business centers.
Scattered across the northern half of the state are cities with specialized industries, such as Aurora, Elgin, Peoria, Rock Island, Moline, and Rockford. Industrially important cities in central Illinois include Springfield and Decatur. And let's not forget, we're the land of Lincoln, Reagan and Obama!
*Information from Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition